When the fulfillment of the condition depends upon the sole will of the debtor, the conditional obligation shall be void. If it depends upon chance or upon the will of a third person, the obligation shall take effect in conformity with the provisions of this Code. (1115)
Kung ang pagtupad ng kasunduan ay nakasasalay lamang sa umutang ito ay walang bisa. At kung ito naman ay nakasalalay sa ikatlong tao, ang obligasyon ay magiging epektibo ayon sa pinaguutos ng probisyon ng Batas.
Impossible conditions, those contrary to good customs or public policy and those prohibited by law shall annul the obligation which depends upon them. If the obligation is divisible, that part thereof which is not affected by the impossible or unlawful condition shall be valid.
Imposibleng kondisyon, na kasalungat ng magandang kinagisnang kaugalian o mga pampublikong patakaran at mga pinagbabawal ng batas ay dapat ipawalang-bisa ang obligasyon o pananagutan na naka salaysay sa kanila. Kung ang obligasyon ay nahahati, ang bahagi na hindi apektado ng imposible at hindi makatarungang kondisyon ay may bisa.
Ang kundisyon na hindi gawin ang imposibleng bagay ay ipinagpapalagay na hindi napag kasunduan.
Discussion:
Possible Condition – capable of realization or actualization in accordance to
Impossible Condition – not in accordance to possible conditions
Effects of Impossible Conditions:
Impossible Conditions in Obligations distinguised from Impossible Conditions in Donations and Wills
If there are impossible conditions impossed on the disposition on the donation or will, the same shall not be considered written.
Art 727. Illegal or impossible conditions in simple remunaratory donations shall be considered as not imposed.
Art 873. Impossible conditions and those contrary to law and good customs shall be considered as not imposed and shall in no manner prejudice the heir, even if the testator should otherwise provide.
**no case cited
Case Illustration: Marcelino Galang, Guadalupe Galang vs. Court of Appeals, Ramon R. Buenaventura, et.al.
The condition that some event happen at a determinate time shall extinguish the obligation as soon as the time expires or if it has become indubitable that the event will not take place.
Ang kalagayan na ang ilang mga kaganapan mangyari sa isang takdang panahon ay maaaring mawala na ang obligasyon hanggang sa dumating ang takdang panahon na ito ay wala ng bisa o kung ito ay walang kadudaduda na ang pangyayari at hindi na mangyayari.
Martin v. Boyero
Facts: A sold B a parcel of land on condition that the price would be paid as soon as B had paid off the mortgage and other debts of the estate. A waited for some time, but since B had not yet succeeded in paying off the debts, A brought an action to cancel the sale.
Held: The sale will not be cancelled. There was no time stipulated here, and besides, B was trying his best to comply with his agreement. So B must be given more time.
Obligations and Contracts 